أطروحة (دكتوراه) - جامعة القاهرة، كلية الحقوق، قسم القانون العام 2017.

يشتمل علي إرجاعات ببليوجرافية: صفحة 373-394.

تتعرض الرسالة للنظم الدستورية المعاصرة وتستطيع ان تميز بين اربعة نظم تقوم على اساس الفصل بين السلطات فالنظام الرئاسى ومثاله الولايات المتحدة الامريكية حيث تكون القوة فى جانب السلطة التنفيذية والنظام البرلمانى ومهده انجلترا وفيه تقوم العلاقات على اساس من التوازن بين السلطتين التنقيذية والتشريعية اما المجلسى نظام الجمعية النيابية الذى احتضنته سويسرا وتتميز السلطة التشريعية ويكون لها موقع الصدارة فى هذا النظام

The thesis deals with the contemporary constitutional systems. We could differentiate between four sytems that are built on segregation between authorities. In the presidential system (such as that of the United States of America) the power is on the side of the executive authority. In the parliamentary system that was cradled in England, the relationships are built on basis of equilibrium between the executive authority and the legislative authority. As for the council system (representative assembly system) that was embraced by Switzerland, it is distinguished by the legistlative authority that occupies the leading position in this system.
Finally, the semi-presidential system such as the case in (France) under the fifth Republic for 1958 that adopts the features of the parliamentary system and the presidential system at the same time, dominating in most cases the aspects of the latter.
The theses deals with the role of the President of the State in the main political systems in the world, the narrowness and expansion extent of this role, the responsibility of the president in these different systems and the development of such responsibility.
Within the framework of the comparative study, the thesis deals with the constitutional position in Egypt since the revolution of 23 July 1952, the conversion from the royal system to the republican system and reactivating the 1923 Constitution that bore the aspects of the parliamentary system after which we move to the political position under 1956 Constitution followed by the 1971, Constitution or what is called the permanent constitution. Then the events of 25 Jan. 2011 come bearing with them the 2012 Constitution. Finally, it deals with the nature of the current ruling system under the 2014 Constitution

النص بالعربية والملخص باللغة الإنجليزية والعربية.